The following are the key grading practices provided for review, comparison and consideration when assessing SUNY’s current practices and policy approaches.
Data Update: Nov 30, 2025
At a Glance: Minimum Grade Required
55 Campus Policies Available
Minimum Grade: Overall
Minimum Grade: 2-Year
Minimum Grade: 4-Year
Four Year Campuses
Four Year Campuses
| Campus | Min Grade | Exceptions | Comments | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albany | C- | N | UAlbany accepts transfer credits from other colleges and universities. A grade of a C- or higher is required. | Source |
| Alfred State | C | Y | A. Courses passed with a grade of "C" or better, or with a grade of "S" or "P," will be considered for transfer subject to the requirements of the degree program. B. Credit will be given for courses passed with a grade of "C-" if the overall index of the courses being transferred from that institution remains at 2.0 or higher. Courses passed with a grade of "D" or better will be considered for transfer if earned as party of an awarded degree toward an ASC degree completion program. (Healthcare Management, Technology Management & Construction Supervision.) | Source |
| Binghamton | C- | Y | You must have received a grade of C or higher to receive credit in the School of Management. | Source |
| Brockport | C | Y | SUNY Brockport grants transfer credit for courses in which a grade of “C-” or “D” has been recorded at another institution only when the final grade point average for all transfer credit is 2.0 or above. A “C-” or “D” grade earned in a course in a student’s eventual major discipline, if accepted for transfer, can be counted as either an undistributed elective, or, depending on departmental policies, may be accepted for credit in the major. | Source |
| Buffalo State | D- | N | Transfer Promise (SUNY Erie Community College (ECC), SUNY Niagara (NCCC), or Genesee Community College (GCC)): Credits earned at the community college are guaranteed to transfer to Buffalo State. A minimum grade of C is required for transfer credit to be applied as a repeated course. | Source |
| Canton | D- | Y | Passing credits earned beginning Fall 2018 with a grade below “C” will be eligible for transfer. Requests for passing credits prior to Fall 2018 will be made in writing to the academic Dean and decided at the Dean’s discretion. | Source |
| Cobleskill | D | Y | Credit may be granted for credit courses from accredited colleges, as certified by the Registrar, in which grades of "D" (1.00)* or better were earned, subject to evaluation by the appropriate school dean with input from the department chair. If the student's incoming cumulative average is "C" (2.00) or better, credit for "C-" or "D+" grades may be accepted. Certain degree programs require a grade of "C-" or better in major field requirement/track areas. If this is the case, the "D" grade will NOT satisfy these requirements. | Source |
| Cortland | C- | Y | Credit will be awarded for courses in which a grade of C- or better has been earned with the following exception for incoming transfer students. Transfer students will be granted credit for D grades earned in courses completed prior to matriculation at SUNY Cortland. Faculty and staff may advise students on their level of preparation for subsequent coursework based on their prior coursework and grades. This may include the suggestion to petition to retake transfer coursework. Any student seeking transfer credit after matriculation (e.g. summer/winter course at another college, while on suspension or is applying for readmission) must earn a C- or better in order for it to transfer. | Source |
| Delhi | D | Y | Freshman Composition (ENGL 100), or its equivalent, will transfer with a grade of at least "C." Following Academic School approval, courses with a grade of "D" will be accepted for transfer credit only if all the courses being accepted for transfer average a "C" (2.00) or better. The School of Nursing mandates that students receive at least a "C" (or 70 from colleges using numerical grades on their transcripts) in non-nursing courses and a "C+" (or 75 from colleges using numerical grades on their transcripts) in nursing courses. The Veterinary Science and Applied Technology programs will only accept a "C" or better in Liberal Arts and General Studies courses and a "C+" or better in Veterinary Science courses. | Source |
| Empire State | C- | N | The University accepts transfer credit for courses in which the student earned a grade of C- or higher, or its equivalent. Credits included in an awarded undergraduate degree, including D grades, are transferable from institutions with accepted accreditation. Courses with D grades listed on a SUNY general education transfer addendum (GETA) may be used to meet SUNY General Education Requirements, regardless of degree award status. Some programs may have specific grade requirements for transfer credits, as detailed in the undergraduate programs section of the catalog. | Source |
| Env Sci and Forestry | C | N | Course work appropriate to the ESF curriculum can be transferred to the College, but grades and grade points cannot be transferred. Courses to be transferred to meet graduation requirements for any curriculum must be acceptable in content, and credit will be awarded only for those completed with a grade of C or higher (a C- is not acceptable). Only coursework completed at institutions that are fully accredited by one of six regional accrediting agencies will be considered for possible transfer credit toward ESF degree requirements. These agencies are the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools, New England Association of Schools and Colleges, North Central Association of Colleges and Schools, Northwest Association of Schools and Colleges, Southern Association of Colleges and Schools, and Western Association of Schools and Colleges. | Source |
| Farmingdale | C | Y | Farmingdale State College awards transfer credit for those courses in which a grade of “C” or better was earned. Courses completed prior to matriculation with a grade less than “C” will be accepted only if a student has completed an Associate in Science (A.S.), Associate in Arts (A.A.) or a bachelor’s degree prior to the time of first admission. It is important to note that regardless of degree status, EGL 101 and EGL 102 – composition I and II will only be awarded transfer credit for a grade of “C” or higher. Furthermore courses that are designed to give students the necessary background for college-level work are not accepted for transfer credit. Examples of remedial courses include basic writing skills, prealgebra, and English as a Second Language (ESL). | Source |
| Fredonia | D- | N | Fredonia does not list an explicit minimum grade requirement, but notes that grades below a C- may not be applicable to all major and degree programs. | Source |
| Geneseo | C- | N | A grade of C- or above must have been earned for each course accepted for transfer credit. Geneseo will not accept transfer credit for courses graded on a Pass/Fail or Satisfactory/ Unsatisfactory basis. | Source |
| Morrisville | D | N | In general, your credits will transfer if they are equivalent to a course offered at SUNY Morrisville. A grade of ‘D’ or better is transferable unless a higher grade is required for your major. | Source |
| New Paltz | C- | N | All courses with a grade of “C-“ or better are eligible for transfer; however each academic department reserves the right to determine the transferability of coursework that relates to a student’s major. | Source |
| Old Westbury | C- | Y | College Courses – must be taken at regionally accredited institutions and have a grade earned of C- or better. For those students who have completed an Associate in Science (AS), Associate in Arts (AA), or an Associate in Applied Science (AAS) grades of D- or better will be accepted if they were taken at the institution awarding the degree. | Source |
| Oneonta | D- | N | Credit will be granted for courses with passing grades (P; D- or higher). Note: Some programs require grades higher than those acceptable for transfer. Students in such programs may need to repeat coursework to meet minimum grade standards. In such cases, the transfer credit will be removed from the record once the repeat is completed. Minimum grade requirements may be found under each program’s requirements in the College Catalog. | Source |
| Oswego | D | N | Credits from courses in which a grade of D was earned transfer directly to Oswego undergraduate programs. Students in some programs, however, must earn at least a C- in those courses transferred to meet a core, cognate or major elective requirement. Transfer students should review program requirements carefully to comply with departmental policies on D grades. Thus, if a D grade was previously earned, the course may have to be repeated to satisfy program requirements. | Source |
| Plattsburgh | D | Y | A minimum grade of D (1.0) is required for the credit to transfer; however, if a grade higher than a D is required for a course (college-wide or in the student’s major) the credit will transfer only if that higher minimum grade has been earned. Certain majors require a ‘C’ or higher in relevant coursework. | Source |
| Potsdam | D | N | Credits will be accepted for course work completed with a grade of 1.0/D or higher at regionally accredited institutions of postsecondary education. | Source |
| Purchase | D | Y | Grades of D or higher are accepted in transfer credit of General Education/core courses at Purchase College. Several departments have higher grade requirements for satisfaction of major or minor requirements. If a higher grade is required for a requirement then the higher grade is the minimum accepted in transfer for that course or requirement. | Source |
| Stony Brook | C | Y | All academic courses successfully completed with a grade of C or higher at a fully accredited college or university are transferable; however, the University reserves the right to determine what constitutes an academic course. Courses satisfactorily completed elsewhere toward the intended major or needed to fulfill the 39 upper-division credits requirement must be evaluated by the appropriate academic department for specific applicability. No transferred course with a grade lower than C may be counted among the 39 upper-division credits required for graduation. | Source |
| SUNY Polytechnic | D- | Y | No minimum grade for transferring students is identified. MATRIC STUDENTS: Matriculated students who wish to take coursework at another college and receive additional transfer credit must receive prior approval by filing a Petition to Take Courses at Another College in accord with the procedures of their academic unit and the Registrar’s Office. Approval of transfer credit will be based on the applicability of the course towards the student’s degree requirements, and successful completion of the course with a grade of “C” or better. | Source |
| University at Buffalo | N/A | N | No minimum course grade is identified. UB's catalog indicates that transfer courework may apply differently depending on school and program. | Source |
Two Year Campuses
| Campus | Min Grade | Exceptions | Comments | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adirondack | C | N | SUNY Adirondack offers transfer credit for courses completed at other regionally accredited colleges and universities. Credit toward associate degrees or certificates, which are degree applicable, will be granted for courses identical or similar to those offered at SUNY Adirondack and in which a grade of C or better has been achieved. | Source |
| Broome | C | N | Grades of “C” (2.0 on a 4.0 grade scale) or higher are transferable if coursework is relevant to the student’s program of study at SUNY Broome Community College. “S” (Satisfactory) and “P” (Pass) grades are also acceptable. | Source |
| Cayuga | C- | N | Only courses with a grade of C- (or higher) or a numeric value of 1.7 (or higher) that meet the student’s program of study requirements will be considered for transfer into Cayuga and appear as transfer credit on official academic transcripts. (No grades from previous colleges will be displayed or calculated into the student’s cumulative grade point average at Cayuga). | Source |
| Clinton | C- | Y | “Pass” grades will be transferred in to Clinton for credit, providing that the course and higher education institution in question meet transfer criteria. Clinton Community College may accept for transfer credit, a maximum of three (3) courses (not more than twelve credit hours) for which a student has earned a grade of “D”. The request for “D” grade transfer must be approved by the student’s advisor and the student must meet either condition A or B below: The student has completed a minimum of twenty-four (24) credit hours of study elsewhere with a grade of “C” or better for at least twelve (12) of the twenty-four (24) hours; OR The student has satisfactorily completed one full semester at Clinton Community College with the grade of “C” or better for at least twelve (12) credit hours of study. NOTE: This policy does not override any curriculum-specific policies. | Source |
| Columbia-Greene | C | N | Only courses completed with a grade of C or better will be considered for transfer credit. | Source |
| Corning | C | N | Credit-bearing transfer courses (at C level or above) may be accepted from any regionally accredited, candidate, or correspondent institution of higher education or NYS Education Department chartered degree-granting institution. There shall be no limit on the number of transfer credits accepted. However some programs have special requirements regarding transfer credit. | Source |
| Dutchess | C | N | Only courses in which the student has received a grade of at least "C" will be considered for transfer credit. | Source |
| Erie | C- | N | Please note that only course credits, not course grades, can be transferred. A minimum grade of C- is required for transfer; however, some academic departments may require a higher grade. Additionally, certain courses may be considered time sensitive and may not transfer if they are deemed too old. | Source |
| Fashion Institute | C | N | A grade of “C” or better must be earned for approval of transfer credit. Courses with “P” (pass/fail) or “S” (satisfactory/unsatisfactory) grades will also be considered for transfer credit. Only the course and credit, not the grade, are posted to the FIT record. Transfer credit is assigned a grade of “T” and will not affect the FIT grade point average. | Source |
| Finger Lakes | C- | N | Only coursework completed with a grade of “C-” and higher will be considered for transfer, and the coursework must meet degree requirements within the student’s chosen degree program. Grades from previous colleges do not apply to a student’s FLCC grade point average. Transfer credit appears on the FLCC transcript and degree evaluation with a grade of “T” and carries earned credit hours only. | Source |
| Fulton-Montgomery | C | N | Fulton-Montgomery Community College will accept transfer credits toward its Associate Degree and Certificate Programs for courses taken by students at other institutions of higher education listed in the Higher Education Directory, published by Higher Education Publications, Inc. The minimum grade considered for transfer is a "C" in any course. Only courses applicable toward a degree or certificate will be accepted. No more than 50% of a degree or certificate requirements can be accepted as transfer credit. The appropriate Academic Area Dean will be responsible for the evaluation of transfer credits. | Source |
| Genesee | C- | N | Credit will be awarded for credit-bearing courses from institutions accredited by an accrediting body as defined by the Council for Higher Education (e.g., the Middle States Commission on Higher Education). Courses must be completed with a grade of S, P, or a letter grade no lower than C- (1.67 on a 4.0 scale). Credit from nonaccredited institutions and training institutes also may be awarded on a case-by-case basis, as recommended by the appropriate faculty members or Dean. Credit from institutions outside of the United States are translated and verified by an evaluation service member of the National Association of Credential Evaluation Services before being evaluated by the Records Office. | Source |
| Herkimer | C | N | Submit an official transcript of your work for evaluation and follow the regular admissions procedure. If you are earning a degree or certificate from Herkimer College, you must successfully complete 30 hours of the total hours required for the degree program and 15 hours of the total required for the certificate program at Herkimer College. Only grades of “C” or better will be considered for transfer credit. Records from other colleges will be evaluated in terms of academic credit applicable to the course offerings at Herkimer College. | Source |
| Hudson Valley | C | N | A student will be allowed to transfer only course credit for which a letter grade of “C” or better or a numerical grade of 2.0 (on a 4-point scale) or 70 (on a 100-point scale) or better or the equivalent has been received. | Source |
| Jamestown | C | N | We will not accept credit from courses with a grade of C-minus and below. | Source |
| Jefferson | C | N | Only coursework with a grade of “C” or above is eligible for transfer credit. | Source |
| Mohawk Valley | C- | N | Transfer credit is awarded for courses with a minimum grade of C- (C minus). Grades of “P” or “S” are acceptable only for Physical Education courses and for College Foundations Seminar. Grades of “S” are also acceptable from the Community College of the Air Force. Transfer courses are assigned a grade of “T” and are not used in calculating the student’s GPA. | Source |
| Monroe | C | Y | A grade of C or better is required for transfer credits. Some Schools or academic departments may require a higher grade based on specific programs. | Source |
| Nassau | C | N | A class were you received a grade under a 2.0 (under a C) does not transfer. | Source |
| Niagara | C | N | Only courses with a grade of C (2.0) or above are eligible for transfer. Grades of C-, D+, D, D-, F, or U will not be accepted. Courses with a grade of S (Satisfactory) may be accepted, except in certain allied health programs or for “major” courses in some programs. | Source |
| North Country | C | N | Those transfer students wishing to receive credit for courses from other colleges must have earned a “C “or better; courses where the student earned either a "P” or “F” will not (be) accepted as transfer credits. | Source |
| Onondaga | C | N | Course work which has been satisfactorily completed with a grade of “C” or better at any accredited college or university will be considered for credit. Transfer credit from institutions on a “quarter plan” or “trimester” system will be adjusted accordingly. | Source |
| Orange County | C | N | Students who have completed college level coursework at other institution(s) must submit all official college transcripts to the Office of Admission. Our Registrar department will review your transcripts for transfer credit based on your intended major. Please note, to obtain transfer credit, you MUST have a grade of a "C" or better and the courses must be applicable to courses within your major. For the Health Professions Review process, only coursework directly applicable to the students intended course of study is recalculated in the review process. The student must have received a grade of "C" or higher for the course to be considered in the admissions review process. No clinical coursework can be transferred in. | Source |
| Rockland | C | N | The maximum number of transferable credits to RCC for an associate’s degree is 32 credits, with the exception of students entering with Automotive Service Excellence Certification A1-A8. The maximum number of credits transferred to RCC to earn a certificate is 15 credits. Courses for which a student has earned a grade lower than a “C” will not be accepted for transfer. | Source |
| Schenectady | C | N | SUNY Schenectady will accept courses with a C (2.0) or higher transfer if they are from Regionally Accredited Colleges and Universities, as well as the programs above, when those courses can be applied to the student’s program of study. | Source |
| Suffolk | C- | N | Credit for coursework successfully completed with a grade of C minus (C-) or higher may be awarded for courses deemed equivalent to Suffolk County Community College courses. Grades indicated by a pass, with credits posted, will only be accepted if the grade is equivalent to a C- or higher. Credit is recorded on the student’s transcript with “TR”. | Source |
| Sullivan | C | N | The course title/description is similar to that of a course offered at SUNY Sullivan. The course bears college-level credits. The student received a grade of “C” or better in that course. Only classes/credits that apply towards a student’s major are listed on their transcript. If a student declares a different major, he/she should have his/her transcript evaluated for the new program of study. This is necessary so that students do not register for classes they’ve already taken elsewhere. | Source |
| Tompkins Cortland | C | N | Transfer courses are evaluated individually. Credits for all courses passed with a letter grade of C or higher at regionally accredited institutions and recorded on official transcripts will be evaluated and may be accepted for applicability to specific Tompkins Cortland degree or certificate requirements. | Source |
| Ulster | C- | Y | A grade of C or better may be required in subject areas of English, mathematics and the sciences. The College may approve up to six credit hours of D+, D, or D- work in general electives only. | Source |
| Westchester | C | N | Any course deemed equivalent to a college-level course at Westchester Community College in which the student has received a grade of “C” (i.e., 2.0) or better will be accepted for transfer credit. Courses in which grades of “P” (Pass) and “S” (Satisfactory) will also be accepted for transfer credit, provided the standard for achieving those grades is 2.0 or better. | Source |
State, City and Private System Policies
| Campus | Min Grade | State | Comments | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| California State University (Cal State) | C- | CA | Campuses will be expected to comply with the uniform policy regarding the use of the grade of C- in basic subjects for admission to the fall 2017 term, and for graduation purposes with the 16-17 catalog year. See the mandatory catalog copy or the General Education Breadth Requirements Policy for more information. | Source |
| California State University System | 3 | CA | General education / breadth and transfer to University of California | Source |
| City Colleges of Chicago | C- | IL | Only final grades of \"C-\" or higher are transferable. | Source |
| City University of New York | Equiv Standard | NY | General Education: If a student transfers from one CUNY college to another, all general education course credits of all types will be accepted as general education credits of that type without further evaluation. Major: Clear pathways will be created for the largest CUNY transfer majors. Disciplinary committee will recommend for approval no fewer than three and no more than six courses that will be accepted as entry-level courses for beginning the major, or as prerequisites for such courses, by all colleges offering those majors. Electives: All courses taken for credit at an undergraduate CUNY college will be accepted for credit at every other CUNY undergraduate college, regardless of whether a specific equivalency exists at the transfer college. | Source |
| Maryland Public College and Universities | Equiv Standard | MD | An equivalent course shall only be transferred if the grade achieved at the sending institution for the completed course is the same or higher than the grade required for a non-transfer student in the equivalent course at the receiving institution. The rules regarding passing grades for non-transfer students should be similarly applied to transfer students. If there is a grade requirement for a specific course for non-transfer students, then that grade requirement should be similarly applied to a transfer student equally. "D" grades will be accepted in transfer if the college to which you are applying also accepts a "D" for native students. | Source |
| Massachusetts State University | C- | MA | Grades of D, D+, C- and CD (1.00 to 1.99 on a 4.00 scale) will transfer if they are for courses that are part of the General Education Foundation (formerly known as MassTransfer Block) and students have completed the Gen Ed Foundation with a cumulative grade point average of a 2.00 or higher. This does not apply to the Massachusetts Maritime Academy or Massachusetts College of Art and Design where a minimum grade of C (2.0) must be received for a course to transfer. C. Grades higher than C (2.00) may be required for admission to certain majors, for use as pre-requisite courses, and for application of credit to specific major requirements. If the minimum grade is not earned for such courses at the sending institution, students may have to repeat the course(s) at the receiving institution. D. Grades of Pass (P) will transfer to all state universities provided official transcripts/college catalogs stipulate that such grades are equivalent to a C/C-. Students should consult the state university of their choice regarding its policy. | Source |
| Minnesota Public Colleges and Universities | Passing | MN | Receiving colleges and universities shall accept Minnesota Transfer Curriculum courses with grades A through D- or credit earned at the sending system or non-system college or university, regardless of the grading requirements of the receiving college or university or the cumulative grade point average (GPA) the student earned at the sending college or university. | Source |
| Montana University System | D- | MT | A Minimum Course Grades policy that requires students to earn a C- or better in courses required for a major, minor, option or certificate; a C- or better in all general education courses; and a D- or better in elective courses. | Source |
| NJ Public Institutions | Equiv Standard | NJ | All decisions made with respect to the transfer process shall be based on the principle of equivalence of expectations and requirements for native and transfer students. [For example, if a ‘D’ grade earned by a native student in a specific course is accepted for credit in a specific program, then a ‘D’ grade earned by a transfer student in the same course would also be accepted for credit in that program. If the ‘D’ grade is not accepted for native students or for transfer students from other four-year institutions, then it will not be accepted for transfer students from community colleges. Similarly, if a “4” is the minimum AP grade accepted for course credit at a senior institution, then a “4” will be the minimum AP grade accepted by that institution as transfer credit from a community college.] | Source |
| SC Public Two-Year and Four-Year Institutions | C | SC | Coursework (i.e., individual courses, transfer blocks, and statewide agreements) covered within this transfer policy will be transferable if the student has completed the coursework with a \"C\" grade (2.0 on a 4.0 scale) or above. However, the transfer of grades does not relieve the student of the obligation to meet any GPA requirements or other admissions requirements of the institution or program to which application has been made. In addition, any four-year institution which has institutional or programmatic admissions requirements for transfer students with cumulative grade point averages (GPAs) higher than 2.0 on a 4.0 scale will apply such entrance requirements equally to transfer students from regionally accredited South Carolina public institutions regardless of whether students are transferring from a four-year or two-year institution. Any coursework covered within this transfer policy will be transferable to any public institution without any additional fee and without any further encumbrance such as a \"validation examination,\" \"placement examination/instrument,\" \"verification instrument,\" or any other stricture, notwithstanding any institutional or system policy, procedure, or regulation to the contrary. | Source |
| The Pennsylvania State University | C | PA | (PSU is the 24 Campus Land Grant Commonwealth System, Distinct from PASSHE and \'State Affiliated\') A course is eligible for evaluation if it is:Taken at the undergraduate level,With a final grade of a C (2.0) or better, Like an existing Penn State program or course, and Useful in your degree program. | Source |
| University of California (UC) | C | CA | You need to earn a grade of C or better in each course or a Pass (P) grade if pass is equivalent to a C (2.00). | Source |
| University of Maine System | C- | ME | Within the University of Maine System Undergraduate courses completed with a C- or higher, including P grades, will transfer from one University of Maine System university to another. Grades will be recorded on the student’s transcript but not computed into the cumulative GPA. Outside the University of Maine System. Credit earned with a C- or higher in courses from regionally accredited colleges/universities outside the University of Maine System will be considered for transfer. Pass-fail courses taken outside the University of Maine System must have “pass” defined as a C- or higher in order to transfer. | Source |
| University of North Carolina System and North Carolina Community College System | C | NC | To be eligible for the transfer of credits under the CAA (Comprehensive Articualtion Agreement), the student must graduate from the community college with an Associate in Arts (AA) or Associate in Science (AS) degree and have an overall Grade Point Average (GPA) of at least 2.0 on a 4.0 scale and a grade of \"C\" or better in all CAA courses. Students who do not complete the degree are eligible to transfer credits on a course-by-course basis. Students Not Completing the Associate in Arts or Associate in Science degrees: A North Carolina Community College System (NCCCS) student who satisfactorily completes, with a grade of “C” or better, courses identified in the Universal General Education Transfer Component (UGETC) will receive credit applied toward the university’s lower-division general education course requirements. | Source |
| University of Wisconsin System | Equiv Standard | WI | UW universities should apply the same criteria for admission to a major or program, or for applying a course toward a degree, to both transfer students and continuing students. Student course grades may be used as a factor to determine if, and how, transfer credit is applied, but the same principles should be applied to both transfer and continuing students. | Source |
| University System of Georgia | Equiv Standard | GA | Receiving institutions may require transfer students to complete the requirements as specified for non-transfer students. However, the total number of hours required of transfer students for the degree must not exceed the number of hours required of non-transfer students for the same major. Provided that non-transfer and transfer students are treated equally, institutions may impose additional reasonable expectations, such as a grade of “C” in Core IMPACTS courses. | Source |
| Vermont State Colleges System | C- | VT | Course work is completed with the equivalent grade of C- or better. 3. In a sequence of inter-related courses, if the first course is passed with a grade below C-, but the second grade is C- or higher, both courses will be accepted. Colleges reserve the right to determine whether or not courses are sequential for the purpose of this condition. | Source |